F

EPC rating F

SAP score 21–38. Below the legal minimum for letting without a registered exemption.

What band F means

Band F covers SAP scores from 21 to 38. These homes are expensive to heat and often uncomfortable in winter.

Typical properties

Solid wall properties with no insulation, single glazing and room heaters or an old oil boiler.

A band F property cannot be let in England & Wales unless a valid exemption is registered. Selling is unaffected, but buyers will notice.

Quotes for the work

Heating is usually the single biggest item on a band F property. Insulation comes first, but a quote tells you what the heating step would cost.

We may earn a commission from bookings. This does not change the price you pay.

Getting from band F to band C

Worked from a SAP score of 30, in the middle of band F, for an average sized property with nothing done yet. Cheapest measures first.

MeasureCostScore after
Hot water cylinder insulation£20–£6032
Loft insulation to 270 mm£100–£35036
Low energy lighting throughout£25–£9037
Cavity wall insulation£600–£1,80046
Heating controls and TRVs£350–£90049
Condensing gas boiler£2,200–£3,60057
Solar PV, 3 kWp£5,000–£8,00068
Internal solid wall insulation£4,000–£14,00080

About £12,295 to £28,800 in total. Use the upgrade cost calculator for your own score.

Common questions

Can I sell a property with an EPC rating of F?

Yes. There is no minimum band for selling in England & Wales — you only need a valid certificate before the property is marketed.

Can I let a property with an EPC rating of F?

Not without a registered exemption. Band E is the current minimum for a private rented home.

How do I improve the rating?

Insulation first, then heating and controls, then generation. Cheap measures such as loft insulation and cylinder insulation buy SAP points for a fraction of the cost of new windows or a heat pump.

Other bands